Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumour (TURBT)
Steps Involved in IVF:
Procedure Description
Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumour (TURBT) is the standard initial treatment for patients diagnosed with bladder tumors. It is a minimally invasive procedure that removes abnormal growths from the bladder lining. The procedure is often both diagnostic and therapeutic, serving as a crucial step in staging the tumor (determining its depth and spread) while simultaneously aiming to remove it completely.
During TURBT, a specialized instrument called a resectoscope is inserted through the urethra, eliminating the need for external incisions. The resectoscope allows the surgeon to view the bladder and remove any tumors using a small wire loop that cuts and cauterizes the tumor tissue. This electric current also helps to stop any bleeding during the procedure. The extracted tissue is sent to a pathology lab for further examination to assess the type, grade, and stage of the tumor.
TURBT is particularly indicated for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancers, which are localized and have not penetrated the bladder wall’s muscle layer. In some cases, TURBT may be followed by additional treatments such as intravesical therapy (localized treatment directly into the bladder) or, in more advanced cases, further surgical interventions.
Procedure Duration
The duration of a TURBT procedure varies depending on the size, number, and location of the tumors being removed. Typically, the procedure itself lasts between 15 to 60 minutes. However, patients should expect to spend additional time in the hospital for pre-procedure preparation and postoperative recovery, often amounting to several hours.
TURBT is generally performed under regional or general anesthesia. After the anesthesia is administered and the resectoscope is inserted through the urethra, the surgeon carefully excises the bladder tumor. A thorough visual inspection is performed to ensure complete tumor removal and to detect any suspicious or residual growths. Any removed tissue is collected for histological examination to determine the presence and type of cancer.
Recovery from TURBT is generally quicker than open surgical procedures, and many patients are able to return home on the same day. However, it is common to experience temporary discomfort, including a burning sensation when urinating, blood in the urine, and an increased frequency of urination. The healing process usually spans 1-4 weeks, and patients are advised to avoid strenuous activities during this period to prevent complications.
Benefits
- Minimally Invasive Approach: TURBT is performed endoscopically through the urethra, avoiding external incisions, minimizing tissue trauma, and leading to quicker recovery times.
- Effective Tumor Removal: It is both a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure, allowing the surgeon to remove visible tumors and tissue for further pathological examination.
- Quick Recovery: With a typical recovery period of 1-4 weeks, patients often resume normal activities soon after the procedure.
- Same-Day Discharge: Many patients can leave the hospital the same day, reducing hospital stays and associated costs.
- High Success Rate for Non-Muscle-Invasive Tumors: TURBT is highly effective in treating early-stage bladder cancers, particularly non-muscle-invasive types, making it a crucial initial step in bladder cancer management.
Potential Destinations
1. Turkey
Renowned for its advanced medical facilities and skilled urologists, Turkey is a popular destination for TURBT procedures. The country's healthcare infrastructure is well-developed, offering a mix of affordable pricing and high-quality care. Additionally, many hospitals in Turkey are equipped with state-of-the-art technology and adhere to international healthcare standards.
2. India
India is a global medical tourism hub known for providing cost-effective urological treatments, including TURBT. Highly trained surgeons with vast experience in bladder cancer treatment, coupled with modern healthcare facilities, make India an appealing choice. The country also offers comprehensive post-procedure care and support for international patients.
3. Thailand
Thailand is a popular destination for minimally invasive surgeries, including TURBT, offering a unique blend of quality care, affordability, and hospitality. Thai hospitals are internationally accredited and employ some of the best surgeons in the region, providing a comfortable experience for medical tourists.
4. Germany
Germany is well-known for its excellence in medical care, cutting-edge technology, and strict quality standards. Patients seeking TURBT in Germany benefit from experienced specialists, thorough diagnostics, and access to advanced treatment options. While the cost may be higher compared to other countries, the superior standard of care and successful outcomes make it an attractive destination.
5. Mexico
For patients seeking TURBT close to the United States, Mexico presents a convenient and affordable option. The country has seen significant growth in medical tourism, with modern healthcare facilities offering quality procedures at competitive rates. Proximity to the U.S. makes it particularly accessible for North American patients seeking timely care without the high costs.
Risks & Considerations
- Recurrence of Tumor: There is a risk that the bladder tumor may recur after TURBT, necessitating additional treatments or follow-up procedures. The recurrence rate varies depending on the tumor type and stage.
- Bleeding and Blood Clots: Although the procedure is minimally invasive, some bleeding is expected during and after TURBT. Blood clots in the bladder may form, causing discomfort or urinary retention, which may require medical attention.
- Infection Risk: As with any surgical procedure, there is a risk of infection, particularly urinary tract infections (UTIs). Preventive measures include antibiotics and maintaining proper hygiene.
- Perforation of the Bladder Wall: In rare cases, the bladder wall may be accidentally perforated during the procedure. This complication often requires additional treatment, including possible surgical repair.
- Urinary Symptoms Post-Surgery: Temporary symptoms such as painful urination, urgency, and increased frequency are common after TURBT and usually resolve within a few weeks. Persistent symptoms may require medical intervention.
How to Choose the Right Doctor and Hospital
When selecting a doctor and hospital for TURBT, it is important to prioritize qualifications, experience, and facility standards. Look for a urologist who specializes in bladder cancer treatment and has extensive experience performing TURBT. Board certification and professional affiliations with recognized medical societies can also be indicators of a surgeon’s qualifications.
The hospital’s reputation, accreditations, and access to modern medical technology are also critical factors to consider. Ensure that the facility maintains a high standard of care, offers comprehensive support services for international patients, and provides clear information about costs and recovery expectations. If possible, seek out patient reviews and testimonials to gain insight into the overall quality of care and outcomes provided by both the doctor and the hospital.
To receive a free quote for this procedure please click on the link: https://www.medicaltourism.com/get-a-quote
Patients are advised to seek hospitals that are accredited by Global Healthcare and only work with medical tourism facilitators who are certified by Global Healthcare Accreditation or who have undergone certification from the Certified Medical Travel Professionals (CMTP). This ensures that the highest standards in the industry are met. GHA accredits the top hospitals in the world. These are the best hospitals in the world for quality and providing the best patient experience. Click the link to check out hospitals accredited by the Global Healthcare Accreditation: https://www.globalhealthcareaccreditation.com
Frequently Asked Questions
What actually happens during hyperstimulation of the ovaries?
The patient will take injectable FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) for eight to eleven days, depending on how long the follicles take to mature. This hormone is produced naturally in a woman’s body causing one egg to develop per cycle. Taking the injectable FSH causes several follicles to develop at once, at approximately the same rate. The development is monitored with vaginal ultrasounds and following the patient’s levels of estradiol and progesterone. FSH brand names include Repronex, Follistim, Menopur, Gonal-F and Bravelle. The patient injects herself daily.
What happens during egg retrieval?
When the follicles have developed enough to be harvested, the patient attends an appointment where she is anesthetized and prepared for the procedure. Next, the doctor uses an ultrasound probe to guide a needle through the vaginal wall and into the follicle of the ovary. The thin needle draws the follicle fluid, which is then examined by an embryologist to find the eggs. The whole process takes about 20 minutes.
What happens to the eggs?
In the next step, the harvested eggs are then fertilized. If the sperm from the potential father, or in some cases, anonymous donor, has normal functionality, the eggs and sperm are placed together in a dish with a nutrient fluid, then incubated overnight to fertilize normally. If the sperm functionality is suboptimal, an embryologist uses Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection to inject a single sperm into a single egg with an extremely precise glass needle. Once fertilization is complete, the embryos are assessed and prepared to be transferred to the patient’s uterus.
How are the embryos transferred back to the uterus?
The doctor and the patient will discuss the number of embryos to be transferred. The number of successfully fertilized eggs usually determines the number of eggs to be placed in the uterus. Embryos are transferred to the uterus with transabdominal ultrasound guidance. This process does not require anesthesia, but it can cause minor cervical or uterine discomfort. Following transfer, the patient is advised to take at least one days bed rest and two or three additional days of rest, then 10 to 12 days later, two pregnancy tests are scheduled to confirm success. Once two positive tests are completed, an obstetrical ultrasound is ordered to show the sac, fetal pole, yolk sac and fetal heart rate.
Embryoscope©
Built into this technology there is a microscope with a powerful camera that allows the uninterrupted monitoring of the embryo during its first hours of life. In this way, we can keep a close eye on the embryo, from the moment when the oocyte is inseminated and begins to divide into smaller and smaller cells, until it can be transferred to the uterus.
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