TESA (Transepidermal Sperm Aspiration)
Steps Involved in IVF:
Procedure Description
Transepidermal Sperm Aspiration (TESA) is a specialized medical procedure used to retrieve sperm directly from the testicles. It is primarily employed for men who suffer from obstructive azoospermia, a condition where sperm is produced in the testes but is unable to exit through the reproductive tract. TESA is also used for cases of non-obstructive azoospermia, where sperm production is minimal or impaired.
During the procedure, a thin needle is inserted into the testicular tissue to extract sperm. This process is typically performed under local anesthesia and is minimally invasive, ensuring that patients experience only minor discomfort. The extracted sperm can then be used for assisted reproductive techniques, such as Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI), where a single sperm is injected into an egg to facilitate fertilization.
TESA is particularly beneficial for men who are unable to produce viable sperm through natural ejaculation due to congenital, genetic, or acquired conditions. It can also be a viable option for those who have undergone previous vasectomies or have reproductive blockages that cannot be corrected surgically.
Procedure Duration
The TESA procedure itself is relatively short, typically lasting between 15 to 30 minutes. This timeframe includes the preparation, the actual needle aspiration, and the post-procedure observation period to ensure that the patient is stable. The short duration of the procedure contributes to its popularity, as it can often be performed on an outpatient basis.
Post-procedure, patients may experience minor discomfort and swelling, which generally subsides within a few days. Most men can return to their normal daily activities within 24 to 48 hours, although strenuous activity should be avoided for at least a week. Recovery is straightforward, with follow-up appointments typically scheduled to assess any complications and ensure optimal healing.
TESA is often coordinated with an egg retrieval cycle for the partner to maximize the chance of successful fertilization and implantation. This synchronization is crucial, as it ensures that freshly retrieved sperm can be used immediately for ICSI, improving the chances of conception.
Benefits
- Minimally invasive: TESA is a less invasive alternative compared to open surgical sperm retrieval methods, reducing recovery time and post-procedure discomfort.
- Effective for azoospermia: Ideal for men with both obstructive and non-obstructive azoospermia, providing an opportunity for biological parenthood.
- Quick recovery: Most patients can resume normal activities within a couple of days.
- Outpatient procedure: The procedure can be completed on an outpatient basis, eliminating the need for hospital admission.
- Enhances fertility treatments: TESA can be used in conjunction with ICSI for improved fertilization outcomes.
Potential Destinations
- India: India has become a popular destination for TESA due to its advanced medical infrastructure and highly qualified reproductive specialists. Patients benefit from affordable treatment options without compromising on quality.
- Turkey: Renowned for its state-of-the-art clinics and medical tourism services, Turkey provides excellent care for fertility treatments, including TESA, at competitive prices.
- Spain: With a strong reputation in reproductive medicine, Spain offers cutting-edge fertility treatments supported by comprehensive patient care and an array of supportive services for international patients.
- Mexico: Mexico is emerging as a prime location for fertility treatments thanks to its modern clinics, experienced specialists, and proximity to North American patients seeking cost-effective options.
- Thailand: Known for its exceptional medical facilities and hospitality, Thailand has established itself as a top destination for various fertility procedures, including TESA, offering advanced treatments and patient-focused care.
Risks & Considerations
- Pain and discomfort: Some patients may experience mild pain or swelling in the testicular area after the procedure, which typically resolves within a few days.
- Infection risk: As with any procedure that involves needle insertion, there is a small risk of infection. Proper aftercare and hygiene minimize this risk.
- Bleeding or hematoma: Minor bleeding or hematoma formation may occur, necessitating careful post-procedure monitoring.
- Sperm yield variability: The amount and quality of sperm retrieved can vary, which may affect the success rates of subsequent fertility treatments.
- Need for repeat procedures: In some cases, TESA may need to be repeated if initial sperm retrieval does not yield adequate results for fertilization.
How to Choose the Right Doctor and Hospital
When selecting a doctor and hospital for TESA, it is essential to prioritize experience and expertise. Look for a fertility specialist who has substantial experience with TESA and other sperm retrieval techniques. The facility should be equipped with advanced technology and adhere to high medical standards to ensure the best possible outcomes.
Additionally, verify the clinic’s reputation through patient reviews, success rates, and accreditations that demonstrate adherence to international standards. Consider a facility that offers comprehensive fertility services and personalized care to ensure a seamless treatment process.
To receive a free quote for this procedure please click on the link: https://www.medicaltourism.com/get-a-quote
Patients are advised to seek hospitals that are accredited by Global Healthcare and only work with medical tourism facilitators who are certified by Global Healthcare Accreditation or who have undergone certification from the Certified Medical Travel Professionals (CMTP). This ensures that the highest standards in the industry are met. GHA accredits the top hospitals in the world. These are the best hospitals in the world for quality and providing the best patient experience. Click the link to check out hospitals accredited by the Global Healthcare Accreditation: https://www.globalhealthcareaccreditation.com
Frequently Asked Questions
What actually happens during hyperstimulation of the ovaries?
The patient will take injectable FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) for eight to eleven days, depending on how long the follicles take to mature. This hormone is produced naturally in a woman’s body causing one egg to develop per cycle. Taking the injectable FSH causes several follicles to develop at once, at approximately the same rate. The development is monitored with vaginal ultrasounds and following the patient’s levels of estradiol and progesterone. FSH brand names include Repronex, Follistim, Menopur, Gonal-F and Bravelle. The patient injects herself daily.
What happens during egg retrieval?
When the follicles have developed enough to be harvested, the patient attends an appointment where she is anesthetized and prepared for the procedure. Next, the doctor uses an ultrasound probe to guide a needle through the vaginal wall and into the follicle of the ovary. The thin needle draws the follicle fluid, which is then examined by an embryologist to find the eggs. The whole process takes about 20 minutes.
What happens to the eggs?
In the next step, the harvested eggs are then fertilized. If the sperm from the potential father, or in some cases, anonymous donor, has normal functionality, the eggs and sperm are placed together in a dish with a nutrient fluid, then incubated overnight to fertilize normally. If the sperm functionality is suboptimal, an embryologist uses Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection to inject a single sperm into a single egg with an extremely precise glass needle. Once fertilization is complete, the embryos are assessed and prepared to be transferred to the patient’s uterus.
How are the embryos transferred back to the uterus?
The doctor and the patient will discuss the number of embryos to be transferred. The number of successfully fertilized eggs usually determines the number of eggs to be placed in the uterus. Embryos are transferred to the uterus with transabdominal ultrasound guidance. This process does not require anesthesia, but it can cause minor cervical or uterine discomfort. Following transfer, the patient is advised to take at least one days bed rest and two or three additional days of rest, then 10 to 12 days later, two pregnancy tests are scheduled to confirm success. Once two positive tests are completed, an obstetrical ultrasound is ordered to show the sac, fetal pole, yolk sac and fetal heart rate.
Embryoscope©
Built into this technology there is a microscope with a powerful camera that allows the uninterrupted monitoring of the embryo during its first hours of life. In this way, we can keep a close eye on the embryo, from the moment when the oocyte is inseminated and begins to divide into smaller and smaller cells, until it can be transferred to the uterus.
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