PDA Device Closure (PED)
Steps Involved in IVF:
Procedure Description
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a congenital heart defect wherein an opening between the aorta and the pulmonary artery does not close after birth. This duct, essential for fetal circulation, should seal naturally soon after a baby is born. However, in some cases, it remains open, creating potential complications, such as increased blood flow to the lungs, leading to heart enlargement and pulmonary hypertension. PDA is particularly prevalent among premature infants, though it can occur in full-term babies as well.
The PDA Device Closure (PED) is a minimally invasive procedure designed to seal this duct. Unlike traditional surgical methods, which involve open-heart surgery, the device closure procedure is performed using catheterization. A small device, typically a coil or an occluder, is inserted through a catheter and positioned at the opening, effectively closing it and redirecting blood flow. This procedure is safe, effective, and significantly less invasive than surgery, allowing for a quicker recovery.
During the procedure, a catheter is inserted into a blood vessel in the groin area and advanced to the heart. Once in position, the occluder or coil is deployed and guided to the PDA site. The device, once properly situated, blocks blood flow through the PDA, and over time, tissue grows around it, permanently sealing the duct. This approach is highly controlled, with imaging techniques such as fluoroscopy and echocardiography ensuring precise placement, reducing the risk of complications and promoting optimal patient outcomes.
Procedure Duration
The duration of the PDA Device Closure procedure generally ranges from 1 to 2 hours, depending on individual patient anatomy and the complexity of the case. Despite its relatively short duration, the procedure involves several stages to ensure safety and accuracy.
- Preparation Stage: Before the actual procedure, patients undergo comprehensive diagnostic assessments, such as echocardiography, to determine the PDA's size and position. This information helps physicians choose the right type and size of device for closure. This preparatory stage may take a few hours, including preoperative consultations and general anesthesia administration, especially for pediatric patients.
- Procedure Execution: Once the patient is prepared and sedated, the catheter is inserted into a large blood vessel, usually in the leg, and guided to the heart. This part of the process is meticulous and typically takes 30-60 minutes. Once the device reaches the PDA, it is carefully deployed to block the opening.
- Post-Procedure Monitoring: After the device is in place, patients are closely monitored in a recovery room for any immediate complications. Vital signs are continuously checked, and an echocardiogram may be performed to confirm device placement. Most patients can expect to stay in the hospital overnight, although some may be discharged the same day, depending on their overall health.
The recovery phase post-procedure is relatively quick. Patients generally return to their daily activities within a few days, although it is advised to avoid strenuous activities for several weeks. Follow-up appointments are essential to monitor the device's position and confirm complete closure.
Benefits
- Minimally Invasive Approach: The procedure is conducted through catheterization, avoiding open-heart surgery, resulting in less trauma and faster recovery.
- Reduced Hospital Stay: Most patients can leave the hospital within 24 hours, minimizing healthcare costs and improving convenience for medical tourists.
- High Success Rates: PDA device closure boasts a high success rate, making it a reliable solution for patients of various age groups.
- Less Scarring: The catheter-based approach avoids large incisions, minimizing visible scarring.
- Rapid Recovery: Most patients resume normal activities shortly after the procedure, making it suitable for international patients seeking efficient treatment.
Potential Destinations
- Thailand
Known for its advanced medical facilities and highly trained cardiologists, Thailand offers comprehensive pediatric and adult cardiac care. Many hospitals in Bangkok and other cities are equipped with state-of-the-art catheterization labs, making it a top choice for PDA device closures.
- India
India is renowned for its specialized cardiac care and affordability. Major hospitals in cities like Mumbai, New Delhi, and Chennai offer cutting-edge treatments for congenital heart defects, including PDA device closure. The country's blend of quality and cost-effective care makes it a popular destination for international patients.
- Turkey
Turkey’s healthcare infrastructure, especially in Istanbul, offers world-class treatment for congenital heart conditions. Equipped with top-notch facilities and experienced specialists, Turkey provides competitive pricing and has established itself as a popular destination for cardiovascular procedures.
- Mexico
Mexico is a prime location for North American patients due to its proximity and highly qualified medical professionals. Many hospitals in Mexico City and other major urban areas are accredited and provide advanced catheter-based treatments, such as PDA device closure, at affordable rates.
- Singapore
Singapore is widely recognized for its excellence in healthcare, particularly for complex heart conditions. Hospitals in Singapore are equipped with the latest technology and experienced interventional cardiologists, making it an ideal choice for medical tourists seeking PDA device closure in a highly regulated environment.
Risks & Considerations
- Device Migration: In rare cases, the device may shift from its intended position, potentially leading to further intervention. Regular follow-ups are essential to monitor placement stability.
- Infection Risk: Although minimal, there is a risk of infection at the catheter insertion site, which may require antibiotic treatment.
- Allergic Reaction: Some patients may have an allergic reaction to the contrast dye used during imaging. Patients with known allergies should inform their medical provider.
- Residual Blood Flow: Occasionally, small amounts of blood continue to pass through the PDA even after closure. This is generally harmless and may resolve over time, but follow-up is needed.
- Blood Clot Formation: There is a minimal risk of blood clot formation near the device, necessitating close monitoring and possible medication.
How to Choose the Right Doctor and Hospital
When selecting a doctor and hospital for PDA device closure, it is crucial to prioritize experience and expertise. Look for a doctor specializing in interventional cardiology with a proven record of successful PDA closures, especially in the age group relevant to the patient (pediatric or adult). Verify credentials, read patient reviews, and consider doctors who are affiliated with reputable hospitals known for their cardiac care programs.
For the hospital, prioritize institutions with modern catheterization laboratories and advanced imaging technology. Accreditation by international healthcare organizations can be an indicator of quality, as these certifications often mean the hospital meets rigorous patient safety and care standards. Furthermore, when choosing an international destination, consider language accessibility, post-procedure support, and the availability of follow-up care for a seamless and effective treatment experience.
To receive a free quote for this procedure please click on the link: https://www.medicaltourism.com/get-a-quote
Patients are advised to seek hospitals that are accredited by Global Healthcare and only work with medical tourism facilitators who are certified by Global Healthcare Accreditation or who have undergone certification from the Certified Medical Travel Professionals (CMTP). This ensures that the highest standards in the industry are met. GHA accredits the top hospitals in the world. These are the best hospitals in the world for quality and providing the best patient experience. Click the link to check out hospitals accredited by the Global Healthcare Accreditation: https://www.globalhealthcareaccreditation.com
Frequently Asked Questions
What actually happens during hyperstimulation of the ovaries?
The patient will take injectable FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) for eight to eleven days, depending on how long the follicles take to mature. This hormone is produced naturally in a woman’s body causing one egg to develop per cycle. Taking the injectable FSH causes several follicles to develop at once, at approximately the same rate. The development is monitored with vaginal ultrasounds and following the patient’s levels of estradiol and progesterone. FSH brand names include Repronex, Follistim, Menopur, Gonal-F and Bravelle. The patient injects herself daily.
What happens during egg retrieval?
When the follicles have developed enough to be harvested, the patient attends an appointment where she is anesthetized and prepared for the procedure. Next, the doctor uses an ultrasound probe to guide a needle through the vaginal wall and into the follicle of the ovary. The thin needle draws the follicle fluid, which is then examined by an embryologist to find the eggs. The whole process takes about 20 minutes.
What happens to the eggs?
In the next step, the harvested eggs are then fertilized. If the sperm from the potential father, or in some cases, anonymous donor, has normal functionality, the eggs and sperm are placed together in a dish with a nutrient fluid, then incubated overnight to fertilize normally. If the sperm functionality is suboptimal, an embryologist uses Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection to inject a single sperm into a single egg with an extremely precise glass needle. Once fertilization is complete, the embryos are assessed and prepared to be transferred to the patient’s uterus.
How are the embryos transferred back to the uterus?
The doctor and the patient will discuss the number of embryos to be transferred. The number of successfully fertilized eggs usually determines the number of eggs to be placed in the uterus. Embryos are transferred to the uterus with transabdominal ultrasound guidance. This process does not require anesthesia, but it can cause minor cervical or uterine discomfort. Following transfer, the patient is advised to take at least one days bed rest and two or three additional days of rest, then 10 to 12 days later, two pregnancy tests are scheduled to confirm success. Once two positive tests are completed, an obstetrical ultrasound is ordered to show the sac, fetal pole, yolk sac and fetal heart rate.
Embryoscope©
Built into this technology there is a microscope with a powerful camera that allows the uninterrupted monitoring of the embryo during its first hours of life. In this way, we can keep a close eye on the embryo, from the moment when the oocyte is inseminated and begins to divide into smaller and smaller cells, until it can be transferred to the uterus.
Orthopedics Stem Cell
Knee
Research on mesenchymal stem cells regenerative properties in knee osteoarthritis. In these studies, researchers suggest that Stem Cell Therapy has the potential to regenerate lost cartilage, stop and reverse cartilage degeneration, provide pain relief, and improve patient mobility.
Shoulder
Stem Cell Therapy as an Alternative to Rotator Cuff & Shoulder Replacement Surgery. Stem cell therapy may offer an excellent alternative for patients looking to avoid shoulder joint replacement surgery, as well as many other surgical treatments for shoulder pain.
Ankle
If you suffer from chronic or acute ankle pain or instability due to arthritis, cartilage loss, ligament strain or tear, or tendon damage, then you may benefit from non-surgical stem cell treatments or stem cell-enhanced surgery.
Back Pain
Patients now have a minimally invasive option. Stem cell therapy for back pain and disc herniations can potentially repair the damaged disc or facet joint, restore function, rehydrate the disc, and ultimately alleviate chronic pain.
Anti-Aging Stem Cell
Hair Loss
Stem cell therapy and PRP therapy have been shown to be most effective for: Those in the early stages of hair loss, patients who are not viable candidates for surgery and women who prefer to avoid hair surgery.
Facial Anti-Aging
Aesthetic Anti-Aging. The Aesthetic Stem Cell Localized Treatment is a non-surgical minimally invasive procedure to enhance the appearance of aging skin and hair restoration. This all-natural technique combines dermal injections of bone marrow or adipose tissue derived stem cells and growth factors.
Fertility Stem Cell
Endometrial PRP
The stem cells used for treatment of a thin endometrium include mesenchymal stem cells. In addition, successful repair of the endometrium in pregnancy with stem cells has been reported previously.
Low Ovarian Reserve (PRP)
The treatment uses PRP (Platelet-Rich-Plasma), which with stem cell therapy is the novel therapeutic approach for restoring the quality of the ovarian reserve.Your PRP will contain a physiologic balance of platelets, growth factors and white blood cells tailored specifically for you.
Punta Mita Hospital
Mexico
Punta Mita Hospital - Genesis Cell
Mexico
